TO OVERCOME the effects of climate change especially among small holder farmers, there is a need to harness organic fertilisers, crop diversification, and integrated pest management which can help reduce dependency on chemical inputs.
USA based agriculture expert Opeyemi Bello, a member of the American Chemical Society and the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, with a bachelor’s and master’s degree in chemistry from top tier universities in Africa and US advocates that producing biofuel from agricultural residues like corn stover and rice straw can create alternative income streams and energy sources for farmers.
“These methods offer a pathway for smallholder farmers to diversify their livelihoods and better withstand climate-related challenges,” he emphasised in an interview He said by using this approach, coupled with accessible technologies and training, farmers would be empowered to adapt to climate change and enhance their resilience.
Mr Bello, who is also a biotech expert and vast expertise in chromatography and mass spectrometry, said with the global trend and transition in research to develop alternative energy sources, biotechnology offers significant potential for Zambia, especially in the face of challenges such as drought.
“I have extensively worked on the production of biofuels, including ethanol and butanol from biomass, and it has shown how agricultural residues can be converted into renewable energy sources. These biofuels provide a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, reducing dependence on traditional energy systems,” he said.
Mr Bello also said through research on biofuel production from organic waste via a synthetic microbial consortium, he discovered another pathway for generating renewable energy.
“By leveraging these biotechnological solutions, Zambia and other African countries can diversify their energy portfolio, increase energy security, and support long-term sustainability,” he added.
He noted Africa is making progress in adapting to climate change, according to a report by the African Development Bank. He, however, said the pace is slow given the urgency of the challenges.
He noted that while there are efforts to incorporate climate-smart practices and renewable energy solutions, many countries still face barriers such as limited resources, lack of infrastructure, and political challenges.
“In my own work, I’ve seen the potential of biotechnology and sustainable agricultural practices to drive change in a global ecosystem. For example, my research on biofuels and microbial products has demonstrated that these solutions can support environmental sustainability while also addressing climate-related issues’’, he said.
Mr Bello, however, reiterated that investment, innovation, and collaboration are necessary for African countries to effectively adapt and mitigate the impacts of climate change.
The scientist believes Africa has significant potential to adapt and thrive.
“While resource limitations and infrastructure gaps remain obstacles, Africa’s youth and growing innovation ecosystem provide hope for transformative change,” he said.
