To understand how colonial divide-and-rule tactics took root in the Great Lakes region, and why the current leaderships of the DR Congo and Burundi still keep them alive, I start with a simple question: which societies and kingdoms existed in this region, present-day northwest Tanzania, southern Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, and eastern Congo before colonization? Before European colonization, five kingdoms dominated the region: Buganda, Rwanda, Bunyoro-Kitara, Burundi, and Karagwe with Tooro, Ankole, and Mpororo part of Bunyoro-Kitara, and Bugesera, Gisaka, Bwisha, Bukumu, and Buhunde as part of Rwanda. According to George Sandrart’s Court de droit coutumier, the Portuguese first heard, through Giovanni Botero’s 1589 accounts, of a vast empire stretching between Abyssinia, Monomatapa, and the Congo, likely the Empire of the Batembuzi, which some evidence suggests later split into these five kingdoms. Modern borders in the Great Lakes region are colonial constructs. They arbitrarily fragmented ethnically and culturally integrated populations across...

Rauha Simon, Elizabeth Ndaako and Nande Chivela are the winners of last week’s Nedbank Kapana Cook-off in which 53 contestants competed for the opportunity to represent the Khomas Region at the national final. Simon said qualifying for the final gives her a chance to compete against kapana vendors from other parts of the country. “I am excited to have made it to the final. I have been working for this opportunity and I am grateful to see that effort pays off.” Nedbank Namibia Manager: Communications and Public Relations, Selma Kaulinge said the competition is about creating pathways for informal entrepreneurs to grow sustainable businesses. “The competition serves as a bridge between the informal and formal economy, providing entrepreneurs with an opportunity to showcase their businesses, strengthen their commercial skills and gain exposure to new opportunities for growth.” The winner of the national final receives a fully furnished food trailer of...

يستخدم هذا الموقع ملفات تعريف الارتباط لتحسين تجربتك. سنفترض أنك موافق على ذلك ، ولكن يمكنك إلغاء الاشتراك إذا كنت ترغب في ذلك. قبول قراءة المزيد Source link

Share0 Aston Villa grab victory despite late Spurs goals as De Zerbi’s side are booed offSpurs have a remarkable ability to find new ways of inflicting pain on their fanbase and they did it again here, petering out from a strong start into humiliating defeat to confirm their worst ever start to a Premier League campaign. On the upside, they did get two goals. They were both late consolations, but beggars can’t be choosers.Aston Villa were meanwhile ruthless in claiming their first victory of the season. They capitalised in first-half added time to take the lead while Spurs were temporarily down to 10 men. In the second, Unai Emery’s side were robust in defence and clinical on the counter, and supreme strikes from both Nicolas Jackson and Emi Buendía decided the contest. With Johan Manzambi the other goalscorer, there were pleasing signs for the Spaniard’s turbo-charged...

Das Online-Blackjack zählt zu den beliebtesten Casino-Spielen im digitalen Raum und verbindet spannungsgeladene Unterhaltung mit strategischen Herausforderungen. Im Gegensatz zum Glücksspielen bei sportlichen Wettkämpfen auf spezialisierten siti scommesse, bei denen vorwiegend auf sportliche Ereignisse gewettet wird, erfordert Blackjack eine bewusste Entscheidungsfindung und taktisches Denken. Für Neueinsteiger und erfahrene Spieler gleichermaßen ist es entscheidend, die Grundlagen einer soliden Strategie zu verstehen, um die Gewinnwahrscheinlichkeit zu maximieren. Wer blackjack online spielen möchte, sollte sich zunächst mit den Regeln und grundlegenden Strategien vertraut machen, bevor er echtes Geld einsetzt. Der Weg zum Erfolg im Blackjack beginnt mit dem Verständnis der Spielmechanik und dem Aufbau einer fundierten Strategie. Die Attraktion von Blackjack online liegt in der perfekten Kombination aus Glück und Können. Anders als reine Glücksspiele, die oft bei den besten siti scommesse angeboten werden, ermöglicht Blackjack dem Spieler, durch Entscheidungen den Ausgang des Spiels aktiv zu beeinflussen. Diese strategische Komponente macht das Spiel...

Sunday Standard When presidential private interests meet Botswana’s public power Public discussion concerning President Duma Boko and his reported association with African Hero raises a question larger than one individual or one enterprise: how does Botswana’s law manage private interests when they intersect with presidential power, particularly where the enterprise may seek to participate in Government projects. .ihc-locker-wrap{} There’s more to this story But to keep reading, we need you to subscribe. Investigative journalism is an indispensable part of a healthy society, but it’s also expensive to produce. We are reliant on subscriptions to fund our work, and while you can enjoy most of our stories for free, a small number of premium features are reserved for subscribers. You can subscribe for one week, a month or a full year – the choice is yours. Save 77% on an annual subscription. Click here to find out how. Existing subscribers can...

0 Chaque jour, des dizaines de milliers de nouveaux morceaux atterrissent sur les plateformes de streaming. Une part croissante d’entre eux n’a jamais été composée, chantée ni jouée par un être humain. Selon les propres chiffres publiés par Deezer, la musique générée par intelligence artificielle représente désormais plus de la moitié des nouveaux titres mis en ligne chaque jour sur la plateforme. Une progression fulgurante en un peu plus d’un an La trajectoire donne le vertige. Début 2025, les titres entièrement générés par IA ne représentaient qu’environ 10 % des nouveautés quotidiennes, soit près de 10 000 morceaux par jour. La proportion a ensuite grimpé mois après mois : 34 % en novembre 2025 (près de 50 000 titres par jour), puis 44 % en avril 2026 avec environ 75 000 morceaux quotidiens, avant de franchir le cap symbolique des 50 % des uploads journaliers à l’été 2026, avec près...

Francuski elektronski sastav Acid Arab nastupiće 15. januara 2027. godine u zagrebačkom klubu “Boogaloo”, donoseći publici svoj prepoznatljivi spoj elektronske muzike i zvukova Bliskog istoka i sjeverne Afrike. El Pais

Colombian defendants in the Jovenel Moïse magnicide trial arriving in Miami from Haiti on Sep. 20. Photo: FBI The extradition of 18 suspects in President Jovenel Moïse’s assassination to the United States has triggered renewed criticism of Haiti’s justice system, five years after the killing and without a trial in the country. The group, which includes key suspect and former Haitian government official Joseph Félix Badio and 17 jailed Colombian commandos, was transported Sep. 20 from Port-au-Prince to Miami aboard a U.S. military aircraft, federal authorities confirmed. The defendants are expected to face federal charges and arraign in the Southern District Court of Florida. U.S. Attorney Jason A. Reding Quiñones announced the transfer on X, saying 30 people have been indicted in connection with Moïse’s assassination. “Today marks the next major phase in our pursuit of accountability for the assassination of President Jovenel Moïse,” Quiñones said. He added that U.S....